A colonoscopy is a safe procedure that allows a doctor to examine the inside of your entire large intestine (rectum and colon) and the end of your small intestine (terminal ileum) using a thin, flexible, and camera-fitted tube. It is the most effective test for finding and preventing colon problems.
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure using a flexible tube with a camera (colonoscope) inserted into the rectum to view the entire large intestine (colon) to check for abnormalities like polyps, inflammation, or cancer, allowing for biopsy or removal of growths during the exam, with crucial bowel prep needed beforehand. It's a key screening tool for colorectal cancer, typically recommended starting at age 45 for average-risk individuals.
What Happens During a Colonoscopy?
Preparation (Prep):
You'll need to follow a specific diet and take laxatives to completely empty your bowels for a clear view.
During the Procedure:
You'll receive sedation for comfort. The doctor inserts the colonoscope through the anus, advancing it through the colon, viewing images on a screen. Air is used to inflate the bowel for better visibility.
Intervention:
The scope allows for tissue samples (biopsies) or polyp removal (polypectomy) if suspicious areas are found.
Duration:
Usually lasts around 30 minutes.
Why Is It Done?
Cancer Screening:
The most effective way to detect and prevent colorectal cancer by removing precancerous polyps.
Investigate Symptoms:
To find the cause of bowel symptoms like bleeding, pain, or changes in bowel habits.
Monitor Conditions:
For people with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or a family history of colon issues.
After the Procedure:
You'll need someone to drive you home due to sedation.
Expect some bloating or cramping for a few hours.
When to Get One (Screening Guidelines):
Start at age 45 for average risk.
More frequent or earlier screenings are recommended if you have risk factors like family history, IBD, or certain syndromes.
